DOHC VTEC

Honda's VTEC system is a simple method of endowing the engine with multiple camshaft profiles optimized for low and high RPM operations. Instead of one cam lobe actuating each valve, there are two: one optimized for low-RPM stability & fuel efficiency; the other designed to maximize high-RPM power output. Switching between the two cam lobes is controlled by the ECU which takes account of engine oil pressure, engine temperature, vehicle speed, engine speed and throttle position. Using these inputs, the ECU is programmed to switch from the low lift to the high lift cam lobes when the conditions mean that engine output will be improved. At the switch point a solenoid is actuated which allows oil pressure from a spool valve to operate a locking pin which binds the high RPM cam follower to the low rpm ones. From this point on, the poppet valve opens and closes according to the high-lift profile, which opens the valve further and for a longer time. The switch-over point is variable, between a minimum and maximum point, and is determined by engine load; the switch back from high to low rpm cams is set to occur at a lower engine speed than the up-switch, to avoid engine is asked to operate continuously at or around the switch-over point.

Introduced as a DOHC system in the 1989 Honda Integra and Civic CRX SiR models sold in Japan and Europe, which used a 160 bhp (119 kW) variant of the B16A engine. The US market saw the first VTEC system with the introduction of the 1990 Acura NSX, which used a DOHC VTEC V6 with 270 hp (200 kW). DOHC VTEC engines soon appeared in other vehicles, such as the 1992 Acura Integra GS-R (B17A 1.7 liter engine). And later in the 1993 Honda Prelude VTEC (H22 2.2 liter engine with 195hp) and Honda Del Sol VTEC (B16 1.6 liter engine). Honda has also continued to develop other varieties and today offers several varieties of VTEC: iVTEC, iVTEC Hybrid and VTEC in the NSX and some Japanese domestic market cars.

Vtec

VTEC (Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control) is a valvetrain system developed by Honda to improve the volumetric efficiency of a four-stroke internal combustion engine. This system uses two camshaft profiles and electronically selects between the profiles. It was invented by Honda R&D engineer Ikuo Kajitani. It can be said that VTEC, the original Honda variable valve control system, originated from REV (Revolution-modulated valve control) introduced on the CBR400 in 1983 known as HYPER VTEC. VTEC was the first system of its kind, though other variable valve timing and lift control systems have been produced by other manufacturers (MIVEC from Mitsubishi, VVTL-i from Toyota, VarioCam Plus from Porsche, VANOS from BMW, VVL from Nissan, etc).

Vtec have the same idea with DVVT and VVT-i. It acts like a normal fossil combustion engine in low RPM, however when the user revs until certain limit (usuall 5000rpm). The valve timer would activate (this is what people usually calls Vtec change) and produce a noisy sound.

It sounds a little bit like a 2-stroke motorcycle engine revs high. You feel like the torque suddenly increases and you have more power to accelerate.

What actually happens is that the valve intake open longer than normal. Allowing more air to come into the combustion chamber. The more air in the chamber, the more efficient the fuel burns.

COMPARING DVVT & VVT-I

Normal engines is good in the low RPM. However, when the RPM reaches higher level, the amount of power produced per fuel is lesser. This is because the air from outside the engine couldn't get into the combustion space in a short period of time. That's what Yamaha sees, and they developed YPVS, VVT-i and DVVT.

DVVT and VVT-i valve works like a normal engine while in low RPM. However, as the RPM increases, the valve timer shifts the time of opening of the valve a little bit earlier. The higher the RPM goes, the earlier the valve opens.

By doing this, air would hav enough time to go into the ignition room, thus making the fuel burning in high RPM more efficient than conventional internal combustion engine.

DVVT

The main change between Perodua Viva and it's predecessors (Perodua Kelisa and Perodua Kancil) would be their engines. Then it came the term of DVVT, and Perodua claiming their 1.3l DVVT saves fuel and provide power as same as normal 1.5l engines.

Let us get back to the basics, DVVT or it's full name Daihatsu Valve Variable Timing is based (copycat) on Daihatsu mother company Toyota engine, which is VVT-i (Variable Valve Timing - intelligence). We believe that DVVT is just VVT-i's engine brand name for Daihatsu cars.

DVVT and VVT-i is based by Yamaha's YPVS (Yamaha Power Valve System). Yamaha was bought over by Toyota for it's YPVS because Toyota afraid of losing to Mitsubishi's MIVEC and Honda's Vtec. Yamaha has been provinding Toyota and Daihatsu engines since.

DVVT and VVT-i engines are always put together to be compared with V-tec (Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control System), i-DSI (intelligent Dual and Sequential Ignition) that is developed by Honda earlier.

All of the Vs (DVVT, VVT-i, i-DSI, Vtec, CVCC, MIVEC, CVVT...) was meant to increase fuel efficiency which is to use less fuel and produce more power from the engine. The objective is the same, the only difference would be their methods.

Corporate info

As compared to Proton, Perodua has been quite successful in its business ventures. Its cars are very popular among Malaysians, such as the recently introduced Perodua Myvi, which sold 80,327 units in 2006, outselling its rivals best selling car, the Proton Wira, which only sold 28,886 units in Malaysia. In 2006 and 2007, Perodua became the best selling car company in Malaysia.

Perodua is set to become the largest compact carmaker in South-East Asia. It currently has capacity to make 200,000 cars annually. By July 2007, it is expanding to 240,000 per year. In October 2005, it had produced a cumulative total of 1 million cars.^[1]

History of Perodua

The Perusahaan Otomobil Kedua Berhad (English: Second Automobile Manufacturer Limited Corporation), usually abbreviated to Perodua (pronounced [pəˈrɒdjuːa]), is Malaysia's second automobile manufacturer after Proton. It was established in 1993 and launched their first car, the Perodua Kancil in late 1994. The shareholders of Perodua are UMW Corporation Sdn Bhd with 38% stake, Daihatsu Motor Co. Ltd. (20%), MBM Resources Bhd (20%), PNB Equity Resources Corporation Sdn Bhd (10%), Mitsui & Co. Ltd (7%) and Daihatsu (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd (5%).

Perodua mainly produces small-compact cars and therefore does not actually compete with Proton for the same market niche. In the United Kingdom their cars are sold by some Proton dealers who wish to attract customers seeking a smaller and cheaper alternative to the Proton range. Sales numbers in the UK are extremely small however, and in 2008 Perodua sold only 624 cars (down from 914 in 2002) and insignificant compared to 2008 figures of 28,036 for Hyundai, 29,397 for SEAT. Besides the UK and Singapore, Perodua also exports their cars to Mauritius, Brunei, Sri Lanka, Cyprus, Malta, Egypt, Nigeria, Senegal, Lebanon, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Nepal and Fiji in small numbers by local dealers.

Perodua does not actually produce any in house designs or engineering for the main components (i.e engine, transmission). All Perodua cars are badge engineered from Daihatsu. Daihatsu used to own a majority stake in Perodua^{[citation needed]}. In 2004, the Toyota Avanza started being assembled by Perodua in their factory in Rawang for the Malaysian market.

The Perodua logo

The original Perodua logo

Perodua organised a logo competition in 1997 to find a new corporate logo, to be launched together with their upcoming model, tentatively known as the X555. The competition was won by Johnson Ng Weng Kuan, an architecture student from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Perodua officially launched the new corporate logo on 24 August 1998 when they launched Malaysia's first 4x4 vehicle, the Perodua Kembara. The designer claimed that the inspiration of the design was the 'P' plate of probationary drivers, who would be the most likely to drive Perodua vehicles.

The new logo maintains the 'P' and '2' and the colours of the old, squarish logo, but has been stylised further to become more fluid and dynamic -- to represent excellent quality and reliability. The green colour represents social responsibility to the environment and the community, while the red colour symbolises the development of competent workforce and resilience in meeting challenges in the globalised world.

Second generation

Second generation

Also called	Daihatsu Be-go (in Japan and China) Toyota Rush Perodua Nautica (in Malaysia)
Production	2006–present
Engine(s)	1.5 L 3SZ-VE I4
Wheelbase	2580 mm (101.6 in)
Length	4055 mm (159.6 in)
Width	1695 mm (66.7 in)
Height	1690 mm (66.5 in)
Curb weight	1170 kg (2579 lb)

The second generation known as Daihatsu D-Concept 4x4 made an appearance in 2005 at the Tokyo Motor Show before being known as Daihatsu Terios; which went into production in 2006.

The second generation of the Terios is also wider, nearly 1700mm, compared to the first generation which is less than 1500mm since it built based on kei car.

On the Japanese Domestic Market (JDM), the Terios has been succeeded by the Daihatsu Be-go and Toyota Rush, however, in European, South American and most other Asian markets, the new model is sold under the name Terios.

Both use 1.3-litre or 1.5-litre engine; diesel versions are still awaited for. Only the 1.5-litre version available with both 2WD or 4WD version.

In December 2006, Toyota and Daihatsu in Indonesia launched the second generation of Rush and Terios which have longer wheelbases and offer 2 rows, or 3 rows of seats for 7 passengers. However, the car only comes with 2WD. The long wheel base version of the Toyota Rush was also offered by Toyota Malaysia starting February 2008. The Toyota Rush in Malaysia comes in 2 trim levels – the 1.5G (in both 4-speed automatic and 5-speed manual) and the 1.5S. The key differences between these trims are:

In the Kembara interior you'll find both a sporty feeling and genuine utility. The multi-purpose seat configurations, for example, make the Kembara exceptionally practical. The front seats adjust easily to match body size and posture, while offering a relaxed, comfortable fit

The rear seat back and cushion are divided into two portions (5:5); the seat backs can be reclined or folded forward individually or together. This gives the Kembara the flexibility to meet a wide range of passenger and cargo

A Smooth, Spirited Engine That Promises More Driving Fun

The Kembara features a new 1298-cc, 4-cylinder DVVT engine packed with Perodua's leading small-car technology. With DVVT (Dynamic Variable Valve Timing), a computer optimises the valve timing according to such conditions as engine rpms and how far you depress the accelerator pedal. The result is a robust driving performance, with maximum power of 63 kW at 6000 rpm and maximum torque of 120 Nm at 3200 rpm.

Full-Time 4WD and Limited Slip Differential: Stability in All Driving Conditions
The Kembara full-time 4WD version features a centre differential and mechanical lock. Power is distributed to all four wheels for added safety and stability, and in the worst conditions you can activate the centre differential lock for extra traction. The 4WD version also offers a limited slip differential as an option. When one wheel is spinning (such as on an icy road), power is transferred to the other wheel to keep you on the move.

A Smooth Ride On All Surfaces

An innovative suspension system delivers a smooth ride on both city streets and rough country roads. The front uses MacPherson struts with lower A-arms, coil springs and a stabiliser, while the rear has a five-link rigid axle with coil springs.

Powerful Perodua Kembara DVVT

A DIFFERENT POINT OF VIEW

• K3-VE, petrol, water-cooled, in-line 4-cylinder, 4-cycle, 16-valve, DOHC with DVVT system, S-DLI
• Electronic fuel injection (EFi)
• Full-Time 4WD and Limited Slip Differential
• Powerful for a 1.3cc engine

Kembara DVVT - Where Fun Meets Function

Get ready to have some fun and action. The exciting Perodua Kembara was engineered from the ground up as a compact sports utility vehicle that's fun, stylish, and versatile.

There's lots to love about the new Kembara. Full of fun yet fully functional, the Kembara combines a compact size and distinctive design with a roomy, comfortable cabin that makes every ride a pleasure.

The new Kembara is easy to enter and exit and handles plenty of cargo with ease. You'll enjoy the Kembara' fun-loving spirit and versatility.

There is no secret, perodua will launch their new model soon expected to be in mid May. A model which has very unique named “Nautica 4wd” is believed to replace the current Perodua Kembara. The Perodua Nautica is an urban compact SUV with 1.5 L engine, automatic transmission & comes with 2 colors of Medallion Grey and Majestic Black. Estimated price is around RM90k.

This model is Toyota Rush/Daihatsu Terios and will be fully imported from Japan. Perodua could do the rebadge here or from its origin country Japan just like what Proton did for their Gen 2 for China market.

Until now, there is no real photo of this Nautica, but since many says that its just another replica of Terios/Rush you can actually imagine how does this Nautica look like.

Where is the Toyota Bego came into the picture. Actually, on the Japanese Domestic Market (JDM), the Daihatsu Terios has been succeeded by the Daihatsu Be-go and Toyota Rush.

Malaysian car manufacturer Perodua will be launching a badge engineered version of the short wheelbase Daihatsu Terios in Malaysia in May 2008, with 1.8 liter DVVT turbocharged engine, advanced full-time AWD and all major safety features. The estimated price is around RM90,000,00-95,000,00. The compact SUV will be fully imported from Tokyo, Japan

Here Comes Perodua Nautica

Eventhough the heat of Perodua's latest model, Perodua Viva is still hot on the web, MyPerodua has got some sneak peak for you Perodua fans out there. MyPerodua has managed to got info regarding 'Kembara Replacement Model'. Yes, Kembara will be replaced with a later version and its surely looks so smart.

As you would have known, Perodua always shares its cars' platforms with Daihatsu and Toyota. In this new model, Perodua will share the chasis with Toyota Rush and Daihatsu Be-Go. Toyota Rush is the replacement model for Toyota Camy, which is the one that is the same as Perodua Kembara previous model.

So we could expect Perodua would change it's Kembara lineup name too. Since Perodua latest interest in names contain the letter V (Myvi & Viva), MyPerodua thinks that Kembara Replacement Model might also contain the letter V in it's name. Here are some words that contains the letter V. We hope that Perodua would jump in here and pick the name of the Kembara replacement here.

Birth of Kembara

The Daihatsu Terios is a mini SUV, first released in 1997 by the Japanese car manufacturer Daihatsu. The engine was a modified Daihatsu Charade 1.3 litre engine or 660cc kei car engine, with constant four wheel drive or two wheel drive. It comes in 5-speed manual transmission or 4-speed automatic transmission. The width of the first generation Terios is lesser than 1500mm to fulfill the kei car regulation. The kei car's Terios is shorter without rear pillar-window to fulfil the kei car's length regulation. The second generation of Terios is co-developed by Daihatsu and Toyota.

The first generation of its history was available as 4-door wagon, and the smaller model( Kei car ) called Terios Kid, which was only released in Japan.

In 2000, Daihatsu gave the Terios a mild facelift both in the exterior and interior of the vehicle. A new chrome grille replaced the plastic black grille. The high-grade model had an addition of electric front windows, central locking, rear seat head restraints, alloy wheels, roof rails and a roof-mounted rear spoiler. Mechanically, the 1.3 litre SOHC four cylinder engine fitted to the previous model had been replaced by the new 1.3 litre DOHC four cylinder engine. Power was also increased by 3 kW (4 hp). A sport version of K3-VET engine were produced on Japan in several period.

In Australia, a sports limited edition series was introduced in 2001 with only 200 units being available. The vehicle had body colour matching bumpers, different from the two-tone bumper colour on the standard model. Rear spoiler and sunroof became standard. The interior was updated with metallic paint finish on the center console and instrument

What's mean DVVT ?

DVVT is the Daihatsu Variable Valve Timing. It also samiliar to the VTEC from Honda (Variable valve Timing and Electronic lift Control) and Mitsubishi MIVEC (Mitsubishi Innovative Valve-timing-and-lift Electronic Control system) VVT-i (Variable Valve Timing intelligence) for Toyota...

This all system will push the valve to open more at the certain RPM... example: VTEC system will open when 3500RPM (early opening for VTEC). This situation, the fuel+air mixture from the inlet to the combustion chamber will increase... so the Volume Metric Efficiency will also increase.. = More POWER + TORQUE... The piston will go faster down (to the Bottom Dead Center) when the compression in the combustion chamber high (example more explosive in u'r room more pressure to push you out..).

Kembara DVVT specifications

The improved model is the new Kembara DVVT which will be in the showrooms this weekend and the most significant change is in the ‘heart’. There is a brand new K3-VE engine with a variable valve timing mechanism called Dynamic Variable Valve Timing (that’s where the ‘DVVT’ comes from). Together with improved manual and automatic transmissions, the K3 engine –which is also a 1.3-litre 4-cylinder unit - addresses the two issues which customers had with the previous Kembara.The development period for this new model was about two years and this speediness was because the same platform has been used. Most of the body panels are also the same but the headlights, signal lights, bumpers and rear light clusters are new. The dual unit headlamp housings are sporty in appearance and flank the familiar Perodua corporate grille. To give a bolder look, the centre part of the bumper is a dark colour (with the model name embossed on it – a nice touch) which extends down to the airscoop that is flanked by large foglights.

The rear presentation is essentially the same as before with the spare wheel mounted on the side-hinged door. The characteristic vertical light clusters are on each roof pillar and there is now a more conspicuous reversing light set in the large bumper.However, in terms of safety features, the Kembara DVVT is as good as others in its class with a sturdy bodyshell that has sufficient crumple zones and anti-intrusion bars in each door.

The powertrain is described in detail in a separate story (link below) so let’s move on to the chassis. Here, things are also the same although it is understood that the suspension (especially at the rear) has been retuned for comfort and better handling. As before, the front suspension uses MacPherson struts that act independently of each other, while the rear is a 5-link live axle. New 15-inch alloy wheels are at each corner and these are shod with 205/70R15 Sime Alpina tyres.

Stopping power comes from disc brakes at the front and drum brakes at the rear, the entire system hydraulically connected by a dual-line system as a precaution against one line leaking. In the event of a leak on one line, there is still at least 50% braking power available. The parking brake operates on the rear drum brakes.

The steering system is a rack and pinion type with power assistance to take the effort out of parking. The system is a conventional hydraulic pump type which is powered by the engine.

The mother of Kembara

The Daihatsu Terios, also known as the Daihatsu Be-Go in other markets has won the title of Compact/Affordable Category Winner of 4X4 Magazine’s 4X4 Of The Year 2007 Award, beating rivals like the Fiat Sedici 4X4, the Fiat Panda 4X4 and bigger, more expensive all-wheel drive models like the Volkswagen Golf 4Motion.

4X4 Magazine said the Daihatsu Terios was the only one whose character stood out compared to it’s competitors, invoking the image of a cross-country adventure.

Our locally manufactured Perodua Kembara is actually based on the previous model Daihatsu Terios. If we are lucky enough, and this is actually very likely - we might get a badge-engineered version of this new Terios here as a Kembara Replacement Model. A good pointer to Perodua’s model update trends is the upcoming Kancil/Kelisa replacement, which have been sighted to be facelifted Daihatsu Miras.

Facts you need to know about kereta kembara

Here's my thought about kereta kembara,

The concept of creating the second national car was mooted around April 1991. The vision set another milestone in Malaysia's thrust for an indigenous car industry.

It was in October 1992 that Perusahaan Otomobil Kedua Sdn. Bhd. was set to realise the nation's aspirations for a second national car, creating a new market segment for people preferring a compact, less expensive and easy to manoeuvre car.
The manufacture of the second national car is reflective of the country's vision to be a fully developed industrial country by the year 2020, through the enhancement of the nation's technological competency in the area of automobile manufacturing.
It was also established to provide a base for the development of engineering services and its
ancillary industries to support the country's industrialisation programme.

In becoming a symbol of the country's aspirations, PERODUA is not only proving its capabilities as a viable and profitable entity, but also in meeting the taste and needs of the people of Malaysia and has begin paving its way into proving its compatibility in overseas market.

Entrusted with the responsibility of undertaking the project, PERODUA established two wholly-owned subsidiaries - PERODUA Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd. and PERODUA Sales Sdn. Bhd. - which are responsible for manufacturing and distribution activities respectively.

The office and the plant, officially opened by the Prime Minister of Malaysia, YAB Dato' Seri Dr. Mahathir Mohamad on August 1, 1994 are located in Mukim Serendah, Rawang, Selangor Darul
Ehsan.